State television quoted the Iranian National Olympic Committee (INOC) and the Physical Education organisation (PEO) as saying the athletes would be punished if the tests were confirmed.
A joint statement by the INOC and PEO, sent to the students' news agency ISNA, said Iran had withdrawn from the world championships.
"It has been said that nine of 11 national team weightlifters have been doped but the issue has not been announced to us officially," the semi-official Mehr news agency quoted a weightlifting federation secretary as saying.
The agency said Iranian world heavyweight champion Hossein Rezazadeh was not among the athletes who had tested positive.
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